Dados do Trabalho

Título

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN STEREOTYPIC MOVEMENT DISORDER AND AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER: A CASE STUDY OF A BOY WITH PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY

Apresentação do caso

A 4-year-old male child was evaluated at a health service, considering the suspected diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The respective child had a prior diagnosis of F84.8 (Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders).

Discussão

The child was evaluated by a psychologist and a neurologist. The mother's main complaint was that the child had speech delays and performed motor stereotypies. No past illnesses were reported. With regard to development, the child walked at 2 years and 3 months, started babbling the first words at 4 years old and was wearing diapers. In the evaluations, it was clinically observed that the child intended to carry out social interaction, as he directed attention when called by name and maintained eye contact (shared attention), demonstrated social reciprocity in the evaluative context, tried to interact through non-verbal communication with the professionals. In verbal and non-verbal communication, it was observed that the subject had significant delays in expressive language, understood simple commands (receptive language), pointed to objects of interest, did not speak simple words, but intended to communicate non-verbally and performed motor stereotypies (flapping), but did not perform other repetitive behaviors.

Comentários finais

In view of the clinical behaviors, in which the child had functional preservation of communicative intention and social reciprocity, the infant did not meet diagnostic criteria for ASD, but met criteria for a child with Global Developmental Delay associated with Stereotypical Movement Disorder. Stereotypic Movement Disorder (F98.4) according to the DSM-5 is repetitive motor behavior, apparently directed and without purpose, interferes with social, academic or other activities, the onset is early in the developmental period and the behavior Repetitive motor is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or the neurological condition. Thus, in child diagnostic evaluations, health professionals need to be aware of the diagnostic criteria of each disorder, and that in the anamnesis they investigate the history of development, observe the child's behavior in the evaluation and evaluate possible comorbidities associated with the main disorder.

Palavras Chave

Stereotypic Movement Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Global Development Delay

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